To see the world in a grain of
sand and to see heaven in a wild flower.
Hold infinity in the palm of
your hand and forever in an hour. - William Blake
E-mail: bhattach@arsd.du.ac.in, bhattach@df.unipi.it.
Current position: Associate Professor
in Physics
Permanent
Institution Address: Department
of Physics,
Where I
come from:
University studies and Degrees Obtained
My
Research Interests:
Quantum
Degenerate Gases (Coldest stuff in the Universe)!!
In 1924, physicists Albert Einstein
and Satyendra Bose predicted that if one were to cool a sample of bosons -
particles with integer quantum spin, such as rubidium and cesium atoms - down
past a certain critical temperature, all of the particles in the sample would
"fall" into the lowest possible energy level. Once there, quantum
mechanics states that since all the particles would have the same energy, each
particle would behave exactly like all the others. The result, Bose and
Einstein argued, would be an entirely new state of matter, a "superatom"
as different from ordinary gases as a solid is from a liquid, or a liquid from
a gas.
Then, on
Four months after the announcement
in
Such discoveries hold great promise
not only for BEC's "native" field of atomic, molecular, and optical physics,
but also for astrophysics and possibly other fields as well. In the future,
scientists may use Bose-Einstein condensates to build large-scale, stable atom
lasers, or "bosers": devices that produces a coherent beam of matter
similar to the way a laser produces a coherent beam of light. Lasers have
revolutionized both basic research and applied technology since they were
invented in the 1960's, and based on preliminary studies, some researchers
argue that the same could prove true for bosers. For the coldest stuff in the
universe, the future looks remarkably hot.
What is Bose Einstein Condensation?
Quantum optical properties of
ultracold atoms in optical lattices and in optical cavities
Current Research Interest:
Other Research Interest: Astrobiology:
The origin, evolution of life in the Universe.
Research Positions
Awards:
-
Junior
research fellowship of the University Grants Commission,
- Former Associate of the following
research institutes:
1. The
2.
Jawaharlal Nehru center for advanced scientific research, Indian Institute of
Science, Bangalore, India.
3. Institute
of Mathematical Sciences,
-
Awarded
the ICTP-TRIL fellowship at University of Pisa, Italy (February 2003-2004).
-
Awarded
the special research grant of the German Science Foundation at the University
of Essen, Germany (2005).
-
Awarded
the short term fellowship of DAAD, Germany (2006).
-
Awarded
the Endeavour Research Fellowship of the Australian Government for a 6 month
research position at the Nonlinear Physics Center, Australian National
University (2007), Group of Professor Yuri Kivshar..
-
Awarded
15 months Guest Scientist position at the Max Planck Institute for Physics of
Complex Systems,
-
Awarded
the short term fellowship of DAAD, Germany (2011).
-
http://en.scientificcommons.org/aranya_b_bhattacherjee
http://front.math.ucdavis.edu/author/A.Bhattacherjee
Some
Links on Bose-Einstein Condensation:
http://www.colorado.edu/physics/2000/bec/
http://jilawww.colorado.edu/bec/
International
Collaborations:
1.
Professor Ennio Arimondo (University of Pisa, Italy).
2.
Dr. Monika Pietrzyk and Dr. Demircan Ayhan ( Weierstrass
Institute, Berlin, Germany).
3.
Professor Julian Chela-Flores (ICTP, Trieste,
Italy).
4. Dr. M-C Chung, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
5.
Dr. Stefan Skupin, Max-Planck Institute-PKS,
Dresden, Germany.
6. Professor Man Mohan, University of Delhi, India.
7.
Dr. Suman Dudeja, ARSD College, University of
Delhi, India.
8.
Dr. P. Muruganandam, Bharathidasan
University,Tiruchipalli, India.
9. Prof. Axel Pelster, Freie University, Germany.
Invited
Talks:
1.
Jawaharlal Nehru University , New Delhi, India,
1997.
2.
International Conference on Ultrasonics, NPL, New
Delhi, India, 1999.
3.
Seventh Trieste Conference on Chemical Evolution,
Trieste, Italy, 2003.
4. Department of Physics, University of Pisa, Italy, 2004.
5.
Venkateshwara College, University of Delhi, India,
2004.
6. Group talk at the University of Essen-Duisburg, Germany, 2005.
7.
Group talk at the University of Essen-Duisburg,
Germany, 2006.
8.
Group talks at the Max Planck Institute-PKS,
Dresden, Germany, 2007.
9. Weierstrasse Institute, Berlin, Germany, 2007.
10. Weierstrasse Institute, Berlin, Germany, 2008.
11. Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkatta, 2008.
12. Institute of Physical Sciences, Armenian Academy of Sciences, 27th
August 2009.
13. Weierstrasse Institute, Berlin, Germany, 2009.
14. International conference on cold atoms and ions, Kolkata, 2010.
15. School of Physics, Bharathidasan University,Tiruchipalli, India, 2010.
16. Harish Chandra Research Institute, Allahabad, India, 2010.
17. Workshop on strongly correlated systems, Harish Chandra Research
Institute, India, 2010.
Research
Papers in Journals:
1.
Tarun Kumar, A
Bhattacherjee and Man Mohan, Two-photon nonlinear spectroscopy of
periodically trapped ultracold atoms in a cavity, To appear in International Journal of Modern Physics B (2010).
2.
A. Bhattacherjee and S.
Dudeja, Theoretical Study of Oligophenyl based double barrier molecular diode,
To appear in Journal of Computational
Methods in Science and Engineering (2011).
3.
Tarun Kumar, A. Bhattacherjee, Priyanka Verma and ManMohan, Entangling two Bose Einstein condensates in a double cavity system,
Journal of Physics B , 44, 065302, (2011).
4. A. Bhattacherjee , Pradeep Jha, Tarun Kumar and ManMohan,
Luttinger liquid in superlattice structures: atomic gas, quantum dot and
classical Ising chain, Physica Scripta,
83,
015016 (2011).
5. A. Bhattacherjee, Quantum
noise reduction using a cavity with a Bose Einstein condensate, Journal of Physics B At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 43, 205301,(2010).
6. A. Bhattacherjee,
Tarun Kumar and Man Mohan, Probing superfluidity of periodically trapped
ultracold atoms in a cavity by transmission spectroscopy, Central European
Journal of Physics, 8, 850,(2010).
7. Tarun Kumar, A Bhattacherjee
and Man Mohan, Dynamics of a movable micro mirror in a nonlinear optical
cavity, Physical Review A, 81,
013835,(2010).
8. M.C. Chung and A. Bhattacherjee,
Damping in 2D and 3D dilute Bose gases, New Journal of Physics, 11,
123012,(2009).
9. Bhattacherjee. A,
Cavity quantum optomechanics of ultracold atoms in optical lattice: Normal mode
splitting, Physical Review A, 80,
043607,(2009).
10. Bhattacherjee A, The
quantum acousto-optic effect in Bose-Einstein condensate, Optics Communication, 282, 3641,(2009).
11. Bhattacherjee A, Faraday
instability in a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate, Physica Scripta , 78,
045009,(2008).
12.
Chung. M. C, Bhattacherjee A, Dynamical Structure Factor and Spin-Density
Separation for a Weakly-Interacting Two-Component Bose Gas, Physical Review
Letters, 101, 070402,(2008).
13. Bhattacherjee. A and Pietrzyk. M, Transport behaviour of a Bose Einstein condensate in a
bichromatic optical lattice, Central European Journal of Physics, 6, 26,(2008).
14. Bhattacherjee. A, Superfluid
Dynamics of a Bose-Einstein Condensate in an Optical Lattice confined in a
cavity,Optics Communication, 281, 3004,(2008).
15. Bhattacherje. A, Coherence properties of a
Bose-Einstein condensate in an optical superlattice, European Physical Journal D , 46, 499 – 506,(2008).
16.
Bhattacherjee. A, Bogoliubov spectrum of a cigar shaped Fermi
superfluid in an optical lattice at the BEC-BCS crossover. J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 40,4453,(2007).
17. Bhattacherjee, A, Superfluid
dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a one-dimensional optical
superlattice, J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.
40,143,(
2007).
18. Bhattacherjee, A, Josephson dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate in an accelerated
double well potential, International Journal of Modern Physics B, 21,1067,(2007).
19.
Bhattacherjee, A, Quantum theory of vortex lattice state in a rotating Bose-Einstein
condensate, Acta Physics Slovaca, 56, 1 (2006).
20. Ranjan, V,
Bhattacherjee, A, Man Mohan, Stability of Bloch Oscillations in two
coupled Bose-Einstein condensates,
International journal of Modern Physics B, 19, 4419 (2005).
21. Bhattacherjee , A , Ranjan, V., Man Mohan (2005): Quantum theory of a
Bose Einstein condensate out of equilibrium. Optics Communication, 249, 587-593.
22.
Bhattacherjee, A., Courtade, E. and Arimondo, E. (2004): Stability of a bosonic current in
a quasi-condensate confined in an optical toroidal trap. Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, 37, 4397-4404.
23. Bhattacherjee, A. (2004): Tkachenko modes and quantum melting of
Josephson junction type of vortex array in rotating Bose Einstein condensate. Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and
Optical Physics , 37, 2699- 2705.
24. Bhattacherjee A, Morsch,
O. and Arimondo, E (2004):Stability of
a small amplitude normal mode of a Bose-Einstein condensate with a singly
quantized vortex confined in an optical lattice. Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics , 37, 2355-2361.
25. Bhattacherjee, A., Ranjan, V. and ManMohan (2003): Dynamics of spin squeezing in coupled
two mode Bose-Einstein condensates. International Journal of Modern Physics B , 17, 2579.
26. Bhattacherjee, A.
and ManMohan (2003): Wave-packet dynamics and Rabi Oscillations in two-coupled
Bose-Einstein condensates confined in an optical lattice. Modern Physics Letters B 17, 321.
27. Bhattacherjee, A. and ManMohan (2002): Crossover from Rabi to Josephson dynamics in two-coupled
Bose-Einstein condensates as a phase transition. Modern Physics Letters B, 16,
1021- 1026,
28. Bhattacherjee, A. and ManMohan (2002): Imaging population distribution between two coupled atomic Bose-Einstein
condensates by using short laser pulses. Physical Review A. 66,
053617- 053622.
29. Bhattacherjee, A. (2002): Controlled manipulation of population oscillations
and quantum statistics of Bose-Einstein condensate confined in an optical
lattice. Optics Communication , 204, 203-209.
30. Bhattacherjee, A. (2002): Quantum manipulation of polaritonic band gaps of
two coherently coupled Bose-Einstein condensates confined in an optical
lattice. Journal of Optics B: Quantum and semi classical optics 4, 251- 255.
31. Bhattacherjee, A. (2002): Mobile charge density wave model for third order
nonlinearity of linear polyenes. Indian
Journal of Pure and Applied Physics, 40, 355-360.
32. Bhattacherjee, A. (2001): Quantum Jump induced non-classical photon
statistics in fluorescence light emitted by cold Helium atoms in an optical
lattice: Coherent control by polarization gradient and axial magnetic field.Journal
of Optics B, 3,382-387.
33. Bhattacherjee, A. (2001): Coherent control of quantum jumps in an optical
lattice. Acta Physica Slovaca 51, 347-357.
34. Bhattacherjee, A. (2001): Electron shelving induced squeezing produced in the
fluorescence light emitted by cold Helium atoms in an optical lattice. Modern
Physics Letters B 15, 847-855.
35. Bhattacherjee, A. (2001): Laser
cooling of two level atom via two photon transition. Indian journal of Physics B , 75B, 533-537.
36. Bhattacherjee, A. (2001): Polarization gradient induced electron shelving in
cold helium atoms in an optical lattice: effect of axial magnetic field. Optics
Communication 191,
83-89.
37. Bhattacherjee, A. (1998): Influence of second order correction to Rayleigh
scattering on squared field amplitude squeezing and photon antibunching in the
two level thermal JCM. Phys. Lett.A.244, 527-537.
38. Bhattacherjee, A. (1998): Estimation of resonant third-order hyper
polarizability of Beta-Carotene from Raman and Absorption spectroscopy”, Bulgarian
journal of physics, 25, 166-170.
39. Bhattacherjee, A. (1997): Influence of nonlinearity in one photon process on
the relationship between field and dipole squeezing in the two level thermal
JCM. Phy. Rev. A , 56,
796-802.
40. Bhattacherjee, A., Chaudhury, K, Bajaj M M. (1995): The dielectric properties of skin
tissues and their change during thermal burn injuries between 1 and 100 MHz. Physica
Medica,XI, 27- 32.
41. Bhattacherjee, A, Chaudhury, K, Bajaj M M. and Jain, D C. (1994): Variation of water
lattice in Duchenne muscular dystrophy due to creatine at a 3 MHz ultrasonic
frequency. Indian Journal of pure and applied ultrasonics. 16, 82-
86.
42. Chaudhury, K, Bhattacherjee, A, Bajaj, M M.
and Jain, D C. (1994): An analysis of 5-(phydroxyphenyl)-5-(phenylhydantoin)
induced perturbations in the 200-400nm region. Revue Roumaine de Chimie, 39, 1091-1098.
43. Chaudhury, K, Bhattacherjee, A, Bajaj, M M.
and Jain, D C. (1994):Binding of 5,5-diphenylhydantoin with erythrocyte
membrane: Local lateral order parameter and strong interaction with
phospholipids head groups. Australasian Journal of Physical and
Engineering Sciences in Medicine 17, 28-33.
44. Bhattacherjee, A. Chaudhury, K. Bajaj, M M. and Jain, D C. (1992): Effect of
5,5-diphenylhydantoin on carotenoid pigments in human serum using laser Raman
spectroscopic technique. Current
Science 63,
328-329.
Research Articles in Books:
1.
Bhattacherjee, A. B and Chela-Flores, J. (2004).
Search for bacterial waste as a possible signature of life on Europa, in
Seckbach, J., Chela-Flores, J., Owen, T. and Raulin, F., (eds.), in "Life
in the Universe", Cellular Origin and Life in Extreme Habitats and
Astrobiology, 7. Springer: Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp. 257-260.
2.
Suman Dudeja, Aranya B Bhattacherjee and Julian Chela-Flores,
Microbial Mats and Ancient Microorganisms in Stratified Systems Series:
Cellular Origin, Life in Extreme Habitats and Astrobiology, Vol. 14, Seckbach,
Joseph; Oren, Aharon (Eds.), Springer, 2010.
3.
Aranya B Bhattacherjee, Tarun Kumar and ManMohan, Luttinger liquid in two-colour optical
lattice, in Laser and Bose Einstein Condensation Physics, Narosa, New Delhi,
2010.”
4. Aranya B Bhattacherjee and Monika Pietzyk, Matter wave dark solitons
in optical superlattices, in Bose Einstein Condensates: Theory, Characteristics..,
Editor: Paige E. Matthews, Nova Science Publishers, New York, 2010.
5. Tarun Kumar, A. Bhattacherjee and Man Mohan, Strongly correlated quantum
dynamics of multimode light coupled to a two-level atom in a cavity, Modern
Optics and Photonics, Editors: G. Gurzadyan, G. Yu. Kryuchkyan and A V Papoyan,
World Scientific, 2010.
Books Edited:
Man Mohan, Anil Kumar, Bhattacherjee, A. B, Razdan, A. K, Laser and Bose Einstein Condensation Physics, Narosa, New Delhi, 2010.
Articles presented in conferences:
1.
Bhattacherjee, A. (2004): Dual non-degenerate parametric atomic
amplifier, International workshop on theory of quantum gases and quantum
coherence”, Levico, Italy (2003).
2.
Bhattacherjee, A. (2002): Coherent control of band gaps
in cold atoms, International
conference on current developments in atomic, molecular and chemical physics, New Delhi, India, 2002.
3.
Bhattacherjee, A. (1999): Quantum noise reduction by
acousto-optic effect, International
conference on Ultrasonic, National Physical Laboratory, India, 1999.
4. Bhattacherjee,
A. Chaudhury,
K. Bajaj, M M. and Jain, D C.(1994): Scattering of Davydov soliton from a mass
impurity in erythrocyte membrane, Conference
on some aspects of modern physics, Dibrugarh University, India, 1994.
5.
Bhattacherjee, A.
Chaudhury, K. Bajaj, M M. and Jain, D C.(1993): Resonance Raman studies on the
excited state structure and dynamics of carotenoid-protein type of
donor-acceptor device. International
symposium on spectroscopy and astrophysics, Allahabad University, India,
1993.
Preprints:
1.
Bhattacherjee. A and Dudeja.
S, Manipulating the conduction process of a molecular Resonant tunneling Diode,
ICTP PREPRINT IC2006/044.
2. Bhattacherjee. A and Dudeja. S, Transmembrane
electric field dependent Poole-Frenkle effect in mitochondrial membrane, ICTP PREPRINT IC/98/68.
Significant contributions:
My
contributions to the field of quantum optics, cold atoms and Bose-Einstein
condensation includes introducing for the first time non-linear one-photon
Jaynes-Cummings model, electron shelving induced generation of non-classical
light in optical lattices, crossover from Rabi to Josephson dynamics in coupled
Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) as a phase transition process, imaging of coupled
BEC using femtosecond light pulses. Predicting the polaritonic band structure
of coupled BEC in optical lattice.
I
was first to propose the possibility of Bosonic current in optical toroidal
trap. Mine was one of the first works, which investigated the dynamics of
vortex in an optical lattice. Recently using path integral formalism, I showed
that the Abrikosov-Tkachenko vortex lattice in a BEC may be equivalently
understood as an array of Josephson junctions and was able to accurately
reproduce experimental results for the Tkachenko modes using this model. In
another recent work I showed the existence of plastic state in vortex lattice
of a fast rotating BEC.
For
the first time I gave a quantum theory of Bose-Einstein condensate out of
equilibrium. I was able to calculate for the first time the effective mass and
the Bogoliubov spectrum in an optical superlattice. I showed that how the
two-colour optical lattice is a new tool to manipulate superfluid and coherence
properties of the BEC and these results have important implications in atom
interferometry and quantum computation. I also showed how the Bloch
oscillations and dipole oscillations were influenced by the optical
superlattice in accordance with experiments.
In
ultracold Fermi gases, it is possible to tune the interaction strength and tune
the system between two limits, Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) type superfluid
( involving atom pairs in momentum space) and Bose Einstein condensate
(involving atom pairs in real space). The cross-over between BEC-BCS is of
extreme importance and experimentally one looks for signatures which identify
such crossover. In optical lattices such crossover becomes even more
interesting. I have provided recently a full three dimensional theory of this
crossover and predicted possible crossover signatures in the various Bogoliubov
spectrum which will act as experimental guide.
When
optical lattices with BEC are enclosed in high quality-factor optical cavities
(this system is known as quantum optical lattice), the quantum properties of
the light field become important. A strong coupling between the BEC and the
cavity modes is developed and this leads to a band structure of the photons!!.
The cavity properties and the pump field emerge as a new handle to control the
superfluid properties of the BEC. This study which I did emerges as a new
system for improved atom-interferometry and quantum computation.
In
a recent paper in “Physical Review Letters” with my collaborator, I showed the
existence of spin-charge separation in Bose gas in 2D as well as 3D systems.
Recently,
I have described the quantum analogue of the acousto-optic effect in a
Bose-Einstein condensate. In this work I have described a new type of effect
i.e. interplay between the Faraday pattern formation in BEC on one hand, and
the acousto-optic effect in BEC due to external optical radiation on the other
hand. The interplay leads to novel and useful phenomena. Together with my
student, we showed that a nano-mirror coupled to a kerr-medium in an optical
cavity is a new quantum device. I
have given the first detailed theory of cavity optomechanics of a Bose-Einstein
condensate and showed that the BEC in a cavity can be used to reduce the quantum
fluctuations of the output light.
Current On-going Projects:
1. Cavity quantum opto-mechanics with a BEC. How quantum
fluctuations of a BEC coupled with the quantum fluctuations of the cavity field
and the quantum fluctuations of the cavity mirror produce new complex dynamics.
2.
Cooling a mirror and quantum
measurement of a cantilever using nonlinear two-photon interaction.
3.
Cooling a mirror coupled to
another mirror.
4.
Quantum noise reduction of
output light from a cavity using the quantum fluctuations of a Bose Einstein
condensate.
5.
Quantum measurements using a
Bose Einstein condensate in a cavity.
6.
One dimensional Luttinger liquid
model of a Bose gas.
7.
Theoretical analysis of
intramolecular barriers in Polyphenyl-based molecular devices.
Scientific
Activities Attended:
1.
International conference on Nonlinear analysis, Gulbarga
University, India (1992).
2.
International symposium on Spectroscopy and Astrophysics,
Allahabad University, India (1993).
3.
National symposium on "Some aspects of modern physics,
University of Dibrugarh, India (1994).
4.
Seventh College on Biophysics, The Abdus Salam I.C.T.P, Italy
(1996).
5.
Spring school on statistical mechanics and dynamics of soft
condensed matter, I.C.T.P, Italy (1998).
6.
Adriatico research conference on organic semiconductors,
I.C.T.P, Italy (1998).
7.
Niels Bohr UNESCO symposium, Paris, France (1998).
8.
International conference on ultrasonics, National Physical
Laboratory, New Delhi (1999).
9.
International workshop on physics with trapped atoms and ions,
Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore, India (2000).
10. ICTP/UCSB/TWAS workshop on Frontiers in material science, I.C.T.P, Italy
(2001).
11.
College on "Numerical methods in electronic structure
calculations I.C.T.P, Italy (2001).
12.
Second Stig Lundqvit conference on the advancing frontiers of
condensed matter physics, I.C.T.P, Italy (2001).
13.
Summer school on low-dimensional quantum systems, ICTP, Italy
(2001).
14.
ICTP-INFM workshop on entanglement at the nano-scale, Italy
(2002).
15.
International conference on Current developments in atomic,
molecular and chemical physics, New Delhi, India (2002).
16.
Workshop on Nonlinear Dynamics in Classical and Quantum
Mechanics, Sammomme, Italy, 2003.
17.
International
workshop on Theory of quantum gases and quantum coherence, Levico, Italy
(2003).
18.
Seventh
Trieste Conference on Chemical Evolution, Trieste, Italy, 2003.
19.
International conference on Current developments in
Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics with Applications, New Delhi, India
(2006).
20.Conference on Quantum Phenomena in
Confined Dimensions, June, ICTP, Trieste, Italy (2007).
21.
Chaos
and collectivity in many body systems, March 5-8, MPIPKS, Dresden, Germany
(2008).
22. Workshop on quanum phenomena and information, May 5-16, ICTP, (2008).